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The most common treatments for adding are medication and psychosocial therapy (psychotherapy). Medications can include stimulants like methylphenidate and amphetamine, and non-stimulants such as atomoxetine, viloxazine, guanfacine, and clonidine.

Patients with active substance abuse issues shouldn't take stimulant drugs. However, those in stable remission can take them into consideration. Combination treatment for adhd and ptsd combined with antidepressants (particularly SSRIs) is also an option.

Stimulants

Stimulants increase dopamine and norepinephrine levels between synapses in the brain. This improves concentration and decreases hyperactivity and impulsivity. The majority of doctors who treat adhd in adults prescribe stimulant medication to treat ADHD. They can prescribe methylphenidate (Concerta or Ritalin), or amphetamines. These are both very similar drugs. The kind of medicine prescribed is based on the biochemistry of each person and how they react to it. It may take up to seven days for the full effects of a drug to become evident. The medicine will work if you notice improvements in memory, concentration sleep, and impulsivity.

The medicines in this class may cause side effects, such as diminished appetite and trouble sleeping, and they may raise heart rate and blood pressure. Some people with an illness like high blood pressure or heart disease should not take them. Stimulants are tightly controlled drugs that are prone to abuse. Only psychiatrists, paediatricians, neurologists, and in some circumstances general practitioners can prescribe them. You can find them in the form or pills, tablets patches, or patches that are applied to the skin or liquids.

Children and adolescents who can diagnose and treat adhd take stimulants are often affected by weight loss and appetite problems. They can also develop symptoms of tics if the dosage is too high. If this happens, the doctor may reduce the dosage to stop the drug from causing a worsening of symptoms.

The use of stimulant medications is for about 70% to 80% of children and adults with ADHD. The majority of children and young people experience improvement in their symptoms when they receive treatment. This is particularly the case for children with parents, teachers or carers who have reported improvements.

Early use of stimulants could lower the risk of developing addiction disorders later in life. Wilens, Katusic, and colleagues81,82, and Biederman and colleagues83 discovered that the use of stimulants reduces the risk of acquiring substance use disorders during the adolescent period. However the protective effect diminishes in the early years of adulthood.